Using shell model diagram to relate absorption to emission. Derives relationship between emitted photon and energy levels, the Balmer-Rydberg equation. Created by Jay.

Calculating electron energy for levels n=1 to 3. Drawing a shell model diagram and an energy diagram for hydrogen, and then using the diagrams to calculate the energy required to excite an electron between different energy levels. Created by Jay.

Using classical physics to calculate the energy of electrons in Bohr model. Solving for energy of ground state and more generally for level n. Created by Jay

Using equation for Bohr model radii to draw shell model for n=1 to 3, and calculating the velocity of a ground state electron. Created by Jay

Using classical physics and vectors, plus assumption that angular momentum of electron is quantized, to derive the equation for Bohr model radii. Created by Jay.

Using Balmer-Rydberg equation to solve for photon energy for n=3 to 2 transition. Solving for wavelength of a line in UV region of hydrogen emission spectrum. Created by Jay.

Using exponential decay equation to solve for relationship between k and half-life. Using semi-log plot to get graph of a straight line with slope of -k. Created by Jay.

Definition of half-life and graphing the decay of phosphorus-32. Calculating how much phosphorus-32 remains after 57.2 days. Created by Jay.

Nuclear binding energy is the energy required to split an atom’s nucleus into protons and neutrons. Mass defect is the difference between the predicted mass and the actual mass of an atom's nucleus. The binding energy of a system can appear as extra mass, which accounts for this difference. Created by Jay.

Using the ratio of neutrons to protons to figure out of a nucleus will be stable or radioactive. Created by Jay.

Explaining the photoelectric effect using wave-particle duality, the work function of a metal, and how to calculate the velocity of a photoelectron. Created by Jay.

Writing nuclear equations for alpha, beta, and gamma decay. Created by Jay.